An increase in the population of Indonesia occurs every year. Based on the Bappenas report in Indonesia's population projection for 2010-2035, Indonesia's population in 2020 will reach 271 million, and in 2035 it will exceed 300 million. As the population increases, new problems will emerge, especially the issue of environmental pollution, in this case we need water solution Indonesia to reduce water waste and make it clean water that can be reused. The increase in population causes clean water to increase so that the amount of wastewater will also increase. Disposal of untreated wastewater will pollute and reduce environmental quality.
This pollution will affect the quality of raw water sources for clean and drinking water, surface water (rivers and lakes), and groundwater. The primary pollution that has emerged is an increase in domestic waste from daily household activities. The lack of awareness of the importance of maintaining environmental quality has made environmental pollution increase even though it cannot be denied that a healthy environmental quality will support the improvement of public health and community productivity.
Currently, domestic waste management has become the government's concern for wastewater treatment services or waste water treatment plants in Indonesia. The Ministry of Public Works has issued a regulation on the National Policy and Strategy for the Development of a Settlement Wastewater Management System to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) "100-0-100". Namely, reaching 100% access to drinking water, 0% slum areas, and gaining 100% access to proper sanitation. These three points are closely related to domestic waste management.
The development of wastewater treatment technology is increasing along with the increasing problems in the environment. The newest and most innovative technology for domestic waste treatment is the Membrane Bio-Reactor (MBR) technology. MBR is a combination of activated sludge technology and particulate separation using a membrane. Separation using this membrane makes the separation results more optimal. Besides, this membrane function eliminates the deposition process in conventional processes to save the land.
MBR technology can process organic materials with high concentration and fluctuation loads. MBR has many advantages and saves land, namely a reliable process, high pollutant removal to eliminate bacteria and viruses. This makes MBR can be used as a water recycling technology so that the effluent from MBR can be reused as a source of clean water. MBR technology is the solution to Indonesia's two main problems: domestic waste pollution and difficulty getting clean water sources. MBR technology is very suitable for application in densely populated cities and has limited land.